cmd
win+R » type ‘cmd’ » enter
powershell
Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
AKA ‘bash on windows @github’, if you are on win10
How to Install and Use the Linux Bash Shell on Windows 10
to run bash in a login mode(which is non-login mode by default, just like any linux desktop): win+R >> "bash ~ --login"
Cygwin is
- a large collection of GNU and Open Source tools which provide functionality similar to a Linux distribution on Windows.
- DLL (cygwin1.dll) which provides substantial POSIX API functionality.
Cygwin is not:
- a way to run native Linux apps on Windows. You must rebuild your application from source if you want it to run on Windows.
- a way to magically make native Windows apps aware of UNIX® functionality like signals, ptys, etc. Again, you need to build your apps from source if you want to take advantage of Cygwin functionality.
Xshell
Xshell && Bash On Windows